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Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -06001#
2# Copyright (C) 2015 Google. Inc
3# Written by Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
4#
5# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
6#
7
8U-Boot on Rockchip
9==================
10
11There are several repositories available with versions of U-Boot that support
12many Rockchip devices [1] [2].
13
14The current mainline support is experimental only and is not useful for
15anything. It should provide a base on which to build.
16
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -070017So far only support for the RK3288 and RK3036 is provided.
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -060018
19
20Prerequisites
21=============
22
23You will need:
24
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -070025 - Firefly RK3288 board or something else with a supported RockChip SoC
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -060026 - Power connection to 5V using the supplied micro-USB power cable
27 - Separate USB serial cable attached to your computer and the Firefly
28 (connect to the micro-USB connector below the logo)
29 - rkflashtool [3]
30 - openssl (sudo apt-get install openssl)
31 - Serial UART connection [4]
32 - Suitable ARM cross compiler, e.g.:
33 sudo apt-get install gcc-4.7-arm-linux-gnueabi
34
35
36Building
37========
38
Wadim Egorova84b5892017-06-19 12:36:41 +020039At present nine RK3288 boards are supported:
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -060040
Xu Ziyuan744368d2016-07-05 18:06:30 +080041 - EVB RK3288 - use evb-rk3288 configuration
jk.kernel@gmail.comd7ca67b2016-07-26 18:28:29 +080042 - Fennec RK3288 - use fennec-rk3288 configuration
Xu Ziyuan1c62d992016-08-01 08:46:19 +080043 - Firefly RK3288 - use firefly-rk3288 configuration
44 - Hisense Chromebook - use chromebook_jerry configuration
Jernej Skrabec7da86802017-03-30 01:23:14 +020045 - MiQi RK3288 - use miqi-rk3288 configuration
Wadim Egorova84b5892017-06-19 12:36:41 +020046 - phyCORE-RK3288 RDK - use phycore-rk3288 configuration
jk.kernel@gmail.comdd63fbc2016-07-26 18:28:30 +080047 - PopMetal RK3288 - use popmetal-rk3288 configuration
Xu Ziyuan1c62d992016-08-01 08:46:19 +080048 - Radxa Rock 2 - use rock2 configuration
Jernej Skrabec43b5c782017-03-30 01:23:13 +020049 - Tinker RK3288 - use tinker-rk3288 configuration
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -060050
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -070051Two RK3036 board are supported:
huang lin1d5a6962015-11-17 14:20:31 +080052
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -070053 - EVB RK3036 - use evb-rk3036 configuration
54 - Kylin - use kylin_rk3036 configuration
huang lin1d5a6962015-11-17 14:20:31 +080055
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -060056For example:
57
58 CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- make O=firefly firefly-rk3288_defconfig all
59
60(or you can use another cross compiler if you prefer)
61
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -060062
63Writing to the board with USB
64=============================
65
66For USB to work you must get your board into ROM boot mode, either by erasing
67your MMC or (perhaps) holding the recovery button when you boot the board.
68To erase your MMC, you can boot into Linux and type (as root)
69
70 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk0 bs=1M
71
72Connect your board's OTG port to your computer.
73
74To create a suitable image and write it to the board:
75
Jeffy Chen717f8842015-11-27 12:07:18 +080076 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rkimage -d \
Simon Glassf2acc55e2015-08-30 16:55:52 -060077 ./firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -060078 cat out | openssl rc4 -K 7c4e0304550509072d2c7b38170d1711 | rkflashtool l
79
80If all goes well you should something like:
81
82 U-Boot SPL 2015.07-rc1-00383-ge345740-dirty (Jun 03 2015 - 10:06:49)
83 Card did not respond to voltage select!
84 spl: mmc init failed with error: -17
85 ### ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###
86
87You will need to reset the board before each time you try. Yes, that's all
88it does so far. If support for the Rockchip USB protocol or DFU were added
89in SPL then we could in principle load U-Boot and boot to a prompt from USB
90as several other platforms do. However it does not seem to be possible to
91use the existing boot ROM code from SPL.
92
93
94Booting from an SD card
95=======================
96
97To write an image that boots from an SD card (assumed to be /dev/sdc):
98
Jeffy Chen717f8842015-11-27 12:07:18 +080099 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d \
Simon Glassf2acc55e2015-08-30 16:55:52 -0600100 firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
101 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64 && \
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600102 sudo dd if=firefly-rk3288/u-boot-dtb.img of=/dev/sdc seek=256
103
104This puts the Rockchip header and SPL image first and then places the U-Boot
105image at block 256 (i.e. 128KB from the start of the SD card). This
106corresponds with this setting in U-Boot:
107
108 #define CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_SECTOR 256
109
110Put this SD (or micro-SD) card into your board and reset it. You should see
111something like:
112
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -0700113 U-Boot 2016.01-rc2-00309-ge5bad3b-dirty (Jan 02 2016 - 23:41:59 -0700)
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600114
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -0700115 Model: Radxa Rock 2 Square
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600116 DRAM: 2 GiB
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -0700117 MMC: dwmmc@ff0f0000: 0, dwmmc@ff0c0000: 1
118 *** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600119
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -0700120 In: serial
121 Out: vop@ff940000.vidconsole
122 Err: serial
123 Net: Net Initialization Skipped
124 No ethernet found.
125 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600126 =>
127
Xu Ziyuanb47ea792016-07-12 19:09:49 +0800128The rockchip bootrom can load and boot an initial spl, then continue to
129load a second-level bootloader(ie. U-BOOT) as soon as it returns to bootrom.
130Therefore RK3288 has another loading sequence like RK3036. The option of
131U-Boot is controlled with this setting in U-Boot:
132
Philipp Tomsichee14d292017-06-29 11:21:15 +0200133 #define CONFIG_SPL_ROCKCHIP_BACK_TO_BROM
Xu Ziyuanb47ea792016-07-12 19:09:49 +0800134
135You can create the image via the following operations:
136
137 ./firefly-rk3288/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d \
138 firefly-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin out && \
139 cat firefly-rk3288/u-boot-dtb.bin >> out && \
140 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
141
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -0700142If you have an HDMI cable attached you should see a video console.
143
huang lin1d5a6962015-11-17 14:20:31 +0800144For evb_rk3036 board:
Jeffy Chen717f8842015-11-27 12:07:18 +0800145 ./evb-rk3036/tools/mkimage -n rk3036 -T rksd -d evb-rk3036/spl/u-boot-spl.bin out && \
huang lin1d5a6962015-11-17 14:20:31 +0800146 cat evb-rk3036/u-boot-dtb.bin >> out && \
147 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/sdc seek=64
148
149Note: rk3036 SDMMC and debug uart use the same iomux, so if you boot from SD, the
150 debug uart must be disabled
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600151
Heiko Stübnerf46b8592017-03-24 00:41:34 +0100152
Jagan Teki532cb7f2017-09-27 23:03:12 +0530153Booting from an SD card on RK3288 with TPL
154==========================================
155
156Since the size of SPL can't be exceeded 0x8000 bytes in RK3288, it is not possible add
157new SPL features like Falcon mode or etc.
158
159So introduce TPL so-that adding new features to SPL is possible because now TPL should
160run minimal with code like DDR, clock etc and rest of new features in SPL.
161
162As of now TPL is added on Vyasa-RK3288 board.
163
164To write an image that boots from an SD card (assumed to be /dev/mmcblk0):
165
166 ./tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rksd -d ./tpl/u-boot-tpl.bin out &&
167 cat ./spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin >> out &&
168 sudo dd if=out of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=64 &&
169 sudo dd if=u-boot-dtb.img of=/dev/mmcblk0 seek=256
170
Heiko Stübnerf46b8592017-03-24 00:41:34 +0100171Booting from an SD card on RK3188
172=================================
173
174For rk3188 boards the general storage onto the card stays the same as
175described above, but the image creation needs a bit more care.
176
177The bootrom of rk3188 expects to find a small 1kb loader which returns
178control to the bootrom, after which it will load the real loader, which
179can then be up to 29kb in size and does the regular ddr init.
180
181Additionally the rk3188 requires everything the bootrom loads to be
182rc4-encrypted. Except for the very first stage the bootrom always reads
183and decodes 2kb pages, so files should be sized accordingly.
184
185# copy tpl, pad to 1020 bytes and append spl
186cat tpl/u-boot-tpl.bin > tplspl.bin
187truncate -s 1020 tplspl.bin
188cat spl/u-boot-spl.bin >> tplspl.bin
189tools/mkimage -n rk3188 -T rksd -d tplspl.bin out
190
191# truncate, encode and append u-boot.bin
192truncate -s %2048 u-boot.bin
193cat u-boot.bin | split -b 512 --filter='openssl rc4 -K 7C4E0304550509072D2C7B38170D1711' >> out
194
195
Xu Ziyuana16e2e02016-07-18 09:56:46 +0800196Using fastboot on rk3288
197========================
Xu Ziyuana16e2e02016-07-18 09:56:46 +0800198- Write GPT partition layout to mmc device which fastboot want to use it to
199store the image
200
201 => gpt write mmc 1 $partitions
202
203- Invoke fastboot command to prepare
204
205 => fastboot 1
206
207- Start fastboot request on PC
208
209 fastboot -i 0x2207 flash loader evb-rk3288/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin
210
211You should see something like:
212
213 => fastboot 1
214 WARNING: unknown variable: partition-type:loader
215 Starting download of 357796 bytes
216 ..
217 downloading of 357796 bytes finished
218 Flashing Raw Image
219 ........ wrote 357888 bytes to 'loader'
220
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600221Booting from SPI
222================
223
224To write an image that boots from SPI flash (e.g. for the Haier Chromebook):
225
Simon Glassdd8e4292015-12-29 05:22:45 -0700226 ./chromebook_jerry/tools/mkimage -n rk3288 -T rkspi \
227 -d chromebook_jerry/spl/u-boot-spl-dtb.bin spl.bin && \
228 dd if=spl.bin of=spl-out.bin bs=128K conv=sync && \
229 cat spl-out.bin chromebook_jerry/u-boot-dtb.img >out.bin && \
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600230 dd if=out.bin of=out.bin.pad bs=4M conv=sync
231
232This converts the SPL image to the required SPI format by adding the Rockchip
233header and skipping every 2KB block. Then the U-Boot image is written at
234offset 128KB and the whole image is padded to 4MB which is the SPI flash size.
235The position of U-Boot is controlled with this setting in U-Boot:
236
237 #define CONFIG_SYS_SPI_U_BOOT_OFFS (128 << 10)
238
239If you have a Dediprog em100pro connected then you can write the image with:
240
241 sudo em100 -s -c GD25LQ32 -d out.bin.pad -r
242
243When booting you should see something like:
244
245 U-Boot SPL 2015.07-rc2-00215-g9a58220-dirty (Jun 23 2015 - 12:11:32)
246
247
248 U-Boot 2015.07-rc2-00215-g9a58220-dirty (Jun 23 2015 - 12:11:32 -0600)
249
250 Model: Google Jerry
251 DRAM: 2 GiB
252 MMC:
253 Using default environment
254
255 In: serial@ff690000
256 Out: serial@ff690000
257 Err: serial@ff690000
258 =>
259
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600260Future work
261===========
262
263Immediate priorities are:
264
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600265- USB host
266- USB device
Simon Glassf1387132016-01-21 19:45:25 -0700267- Run CPU at full speed (code exists but we only see ~60 DMIPS maximum)
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600268- NAND flash
269- Support for other Rockchip parts
270- Boot U-Boot proper over USB OTG (at present only SPL works)
271
272
273Development Notes
274=================
275
276There are plenty of patches in the links below to help with this work.
277
278[1] https://github.com/rkchrome/uboot.git
279[2] https://github.com/linux-rockchip/u-boot-rockchip.git branch u-boot-rk3288
280[3] https://github.com/linux-rockchip/rkflashtool.git
281[4] http://wiki.t-firefly.com/index.php/Firefly-RK3288/Serial_debug/en
282
283rkimage
284-------
285
286rkimage.c produces an SPL image suitable for sending directly to the boot ROM
287over USB OTG. This is a very simple format - just the string RK32 (as 4 bytes)
288followed by u-boot-spl-dtb.bin.
289
290The boot ROM loads image to 0xff704000 which is in the internal SRAM. The SRAM
291starts at 0xff700000 and extends to 0xff718000 where we put the stack.
292
293rksd
294----
295
296rksd.c produces an image consisting of 32KB of empty space, a header and
297u-boot-spl-dtb.bin. The header is defined by 'struct header0_info' although
298most of the fields are unused by U-Boot. We just need to specify the
299signature, a flag and the block offset and size of the SPL image.
300
301The header occupies a single block but we pad it out to 4 blocks. The header
302is encoding using RC4 with the key 7c4e0304550509072d2c7b38170d1711. The SPL
303image can be encoded too but we don't do that.
304
305The maximum size of u-boot-spl-dtb.bin which the boot ROM will read is 32KB,
306or 0x40 blocks. This is a severe and annoying limitation. There may be a way
307around this limitation, since there is plenty of SRAM, but at present the
308board refuses to boot if this limit is exceeded.
309
310The image produced is padded up to a block boundary (512 bytes). It should be
311written to the start of an SD card using dd.
312
313Since this image is set to load U-Boot from the SD card at block offset,
314CONFIG_SYS_MMCSD_RAW_MODE_U_BOOT_SECTOR, dd should be used to write
315u-boot-dtb.img to the SD card at that offset. See above for instructions.
316
317rkspi
318-----
319
320rkspi.c produces an image consisting of a header and u-boot-spl-dtb.bin. The
321resulting image is then spread out so that only the first 2KB of each 4KB
322sector is used. The header is the same as with rksd and the maximum size is
323also 32KB (before spreading). The image should be written to the start of
324SPI flash.
325
326See above for instructions on how to write a SPI image.
327
Simon Glass002c6342016-01-21 19:45:08 -0700328rkmux.py
329--------
330
331You can use this script to create #defines for SoC register access. See the
332script for usage.
333
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600334
335Device tree and driver model
336----------------------------
337
338Where possible driver model is used to provide a structure to the
339functionality. Device tree is used for configuration. However these have an
340overhead and in SPL with a 32KB size limit some shortcuts have been taken.
341In general all Rockchip drivers should use these features, with SPL-specific
342modifications where required.
343
Jacob Chen3f3e1e32016-10-08 13:47:42 +0800344GPT partition layout
345----------------------------
346
347Rockchip use a unified GPT partition layout in open source support.
348With this GPT partition layout, uboot can be compatilbe with other components,
349like miniloader, trusted-os, arm-trust-firmware.
350
351There are some documents about partitions in the links below.
352http://rockchip.wikidot.com/partitions
Simon Glassadfb2bf2015-08-30 16:55:43 -0600353
354--
355Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
35624 June 2015