drivers/fpga/xilinx.c - github/trini/u-boot - Gitiles

 /*
  * (C) Copyright 2012-2013, Xilinx, Michal Simek
  *
  * (C) Copyright 2002
  * Rich Ireland, Enterasys Networks, rireland@enterasys.com.
  * Keith Outwater, keith_outwater@mvis.com
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  */

 /*
  *  Xilinx FPGA support
  */

 #include <common.h>
 #include <fpga.h>
 #include <virtex2.h>
 #include <spartan2.h>
 #include <spartan3.h>
 #include <zynqpl.h>

 #if 0
 #define FPGA_DEBUG
 #endif

 /* Define FPGA_DEBUG to get debug printf's */
 #ifdef	FPGA_DEBUG
 #define	PRINTF(fmt,args...)	printf (fmt ,##args)
 #else
 #define PRINTF(fmt,args...)
 #endif

 /* Local Static Functions */
 static int xilinx_validate (Xilinx_desc * desc, char *fn);

 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

 int fpga_loadbitstream(int devnum, char *fpgadata, size_t size)
 {
 	unsigned int length;
 	unsigned int swapsize;
 	char buffer[80];
 	unsigned char *dataptr;
 	unsigned int i;
 	const fpga_desc *desc;
 	Xilinx_desc *xdesc;

 	dataptr = (unsigned char *)fpgadata;
 	/* Find out fpga_description */
 	desc = fpga_validate(devnum, dataptr, 0, (char *)__func__);
 	/* Assign xilinx device description */
 	xdesc = desc->devdesc;

 	/* skip the first bytes of the bitsteam, their meaning is unknown */
 	length = (*dataptr << 8) + *(dataptr + 1);
 	dataptr += 2;
 	dataptr += length;

 	/* get design name (identifier, length, string) */
 	length = (*dataptr << 8) + *(dataptr + 1);
 	dataptr += 2;
 	if (*dataptr++ != 0x61) {
 		debug("%s: Design name id not recognized in bitstream\n",
 		      __func__);
 		return FPGA_FAIL;
 	}

 	length = (*dataptr << 8) + *(dataptr + 1);
 	dataptr += 2;
 	for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
 		buffer[i] = *dataptr++;

 	printf("  design filename = \"%s\"\n", buffer);

 	/* get part number (identifier, length, string) */
 	if (*dataptr++ != 0x62) {
 		printf("%s: Part number id not recognized in bitstream\n",
 		       __func__);
 		return FPGA_FAIL;
 	}

 	length = (*dataptr << 8) + *(dataptr + 1);
 	dataptr += 2;
 	for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
 		buffer[i] = *dataptr++;

 	if (xdesc->name) {
 		i = strncmp(buffer, xdesc->name, strlen(xdesc->name));
 		if (i) {
 			printf("%s: Wrong bitstream ID for this device\n",
 			       __func__);
 			printf("%s: Bitstream ID %s, current device ID %d/%s\n",
 			       __func__, buffer, devnum, xdesc->name);
 			return FPGA_FAIL;
 		}
 	} else {
 		printf("%s: Please fill correct device ID to Xilinx_desc\n",
 		       __func__);
 	}
 	printf("  part number = \"%s\"\n", buffer);

 	/* get date (identifier, length, string) */
 	if (*dataptr++ != 0x63) {
 		printf("%s: Date identifier not recognized in bitstream\n",
 		       __func__);
 		return FPGA_FAIL;
 	}

 	length = (*dataptr << 8) + *(dataptr+1);
 	dataptr += 2;
 	for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
 		buffer[i] = *dataptr++;
 	printf("  date = \"%s\"\n", buffer);

 	/* get time (identifier, length, string) */
 	if (*dataptr++ != 0x64) {
 		printf("%s: Time identifier not recognized in bitstream\n",
 		       __func__);
 		return FPGA_FAIL;
 	}

 	length = (*dataptr << 8) + *(dataptr+1);
 	dataptr += 2;
 	for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
 		buffer[i] = *dataptr++;
 	printf("  time = \"%s\"\n", buffer);

 	/* get fpga data length (identifier, length) */
 	if (*dataptr++ != 0x65) {
 		printf("%s: Data length id not recognized in bitstream\n",
 		       __func__);
 		return FPGA_FAIL;
 	}
 	swapsize = ((unsigned int) *dataptr << 24) +
 		   ((unsigned int) *(dataptr + 1) << 16) +
 		   ((unsigned int) *(dataptr + 2) << 8) +
 		   ((unsigned int) *(dataptr + 3));
 	dataptr += 4;
 	printf("  bytes in bitstream = %d\n", swapsize);

 	return fpga_load(devnum, dataptr, swapsize);
 }

 int xilinx_load(Xilinx_desc *desc, const void *buf, size_t bsize)
 {
 	int ret_val = FPGA_FAIL;	/* assume a failure */

 	if (!xilinx_validate (desc, (char *)__FUNCTION__)) {
 		printf ("%s: Invalid device descriptor\n", __FUNCTION__);
 	} else
 		switch (desc->family) {
 		case xilinx_spartan2:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN2)
 			PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Spartan-II Loader...\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 			ret_val = spartan2_load(desc, buf, bsize);
 #else
 			printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-II devices.\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 #endif
 			break;
 		case Xilinx_Spartan3:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN3)
 			PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Spartan-III Loader...\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 			ret_val = Spartan3_load (desc, buf, bsize);
 #else
 			printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-III devices.\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 #endif
 			break;
 		case Xilinx_Virtex2:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_VIRTEX2)
 			PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Virtex-II Loader...\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 			ret_val = Virtex2_load (desc, buf, bsize);
 #else
 			printf ("%s: No support for Virtex-II devices.\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 #endif
 			break;
 		case xilinx_zynq:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_ZYNQPL)
 			PRINTF("%s: Launching the Zynq PL Loader...\n",
 			       __func__);
 			ret_val = zynq_load(desc, buf, bsize);
 #else
 			printf("%s: No support for Zynq devices.\n",
 			       __func__);
 #endif
 			break;

 		default:
 			printf ("%s: Unsupported family type, %d\n",
 					__FUNCTION__, desc->family);
 		}

 	return ret_val;
 }

 int xilinx_dump(Xilinx_desc *desc, const void *buf, size_t bsize)
 {
 	int ret_val = FPGA_FAIL;	/* assume a failure */

 	if (!xilinx_validate (desc, (char *)__FUNCTION__)) {
 		printf ("%s: Invalid device descriptor\n", __FUNCTION__);
 	} else
 		switch (desc->family) {
 		case xilinx_spartan2:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN2)
 			PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Spartan-II Reader...\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 			ret_val = spartan2_dump(desc, buf, bsize);
 #else
 			printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-II devices.\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 #endif
 			break;
 		case Xilinx_Spartan3:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN3)
 			PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Spartan-III Reader...\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 			ret_val = Spartan3_dump (desc, buf, bsize);
 #else
 			printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-III devices.\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 #endif
 			break;
 		case Xilinx_Virtex2:
 #if defined( CONFIG_FPGA_VIRTEX2)
 			PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Virtex-II Reader...\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 			ret_val = Virtex2_dump (desc, buf, bsize);
 #else
 			printf ("%s: No support for Virtex-II devices.\n",
 					__FUNCTION__);
 #endif
 			break;
 		case xilinx_zynq:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_ZYNQPL)
 			PRINTF("%s: Launching the Zynq PL Reader...\n",
 			       __func__);
 			ret_val = zynq_dump(desc, buf, bsize);
 #else
 			printf("%s: No support for Zynq devices.\n",
 			       __func__);
 #endif
 			break;

 		default:
 			printf ("%s: Unsupported family type, %d\n",
 					__FUNCTION__, desc->family);
 		}

 	return ret_val;
 }

 int xilinx_info (Xilinx_desc * desc)
 {
 	int ret_val = FPGA_FAIL;

 	if (xilinx_validate (desc, (char *)__FUNCTION__)) {
 		printf ("Family:        \t");
 		switch (desc->family) {
 		case xilinx_spartan2:
 			printf ("Spartan-II\n");
 			break;
 		case Xilinx_Spartan3:
 			printf ("Spartan-III\n");
 			break;
 		case Xilinx_Virtex2:
 			printf ("Virtex-II\n");
 			break;
 		case xilinx_zynq:
 			printf("Zynq PL\n");
 			break;
 			/* Add new family types here */
 		default:
 			printf ("Unknown family type, %d\n", desc->family);
 		}

 		printf ("Interface type:\t");
 		switch (desc->iface) {
 		case slave_serial:
 			printf ("Slave Serial\n");
 			break;
 		case master_serial:	/* Not used */
 			printf ("Master Serial\n");
 			break;
 		case slave_parallel:
 			printf ("Slave Parallel\n");
 			break;
 		case jtag_mode:		/* Not used */
 			printf ("JTAG Mode\n");
 			break;
 		case slave_selectmap:
 			printf ("Slave SelectMap Mode\n");
 			break;
 		case master_selectmap:
 			printf ("Master SelectMap Mode\n");
 			break;
 		case devcfg:
 			printf("Device configuration interface (Zynq)\n");
 			break;
 			/* Add new interface types here */
 		default:
 			printf ("Unsupported interface type, %d\n", desc->iface);
 		}

 		printf ("Device Size:   \t%d bytes\n"
 				"Cookie:        \t0x%x (%d)\n",
 				desc->size, desc->cookie, desc->cookie);
 		if (desc->name)
 			printf("Device name:   \t%s\n", desc->name);

 		if (desc->iface_fns) {
 			printf ("Device Function Table @ 0x%p\n", desc->iface_fns);
 			switch (desc->family) {
 			case xilinx_spartan2:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN2)
 				spartan2_info(desc);
 #else
 				/* just in case */
 				printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-II devices.\n",
 						__FUNCTION__);
 #endif
 				break;
 			case Xilinx_Spartan3:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN3)
 				Spartan3_info (desc);
 #else
 				/* just in case */
 				printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-III devices.\n",
 						__FUNCTION__);
 #endif
 				break;
 			case Xilinx_Virtex2:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_VIRTEX2)
 				Virtex2_info (desc);
 #else
 				/* just in case */
 				printf ("%s: No support for Virtex-II devices.\n",
 						__FUNCTION__);
 #endif
 				break;
 			case xilinx_zynq:
 #if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_ZYNQPL)
 				zynq_info(desc);
 #else
 				/* just in case */
 				printf("%s: No support for Zynq devices.\n",
 				       __func__);
 #endif
 				/* Add new family types here */
 			default:
 				/* we don't need a message here - we give one up above */
 				;
 			}
 		} else
 			printf ("No Device Function Table.\n");

 		ret_val = FPGA_SUCCESS;
 	} else {
 		printf ("%s: Invalid device descriptor\n", __FUNCTION__);
 	}

 	return ret_val;
 }

 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

 static int xilinx_validate (Xilinx_desc * desc, char *fn)
 {
 	int ret_val = false;

 	if (desc) {
 		if ((desc->family > min_xilinx_type) &&
 			(desc->family < max_xilinx_type)) {
 			if ((desc->iface > min_xilinx_iface_type) &&
 				(desc->iface < max_xilinx_iface_type)) {
 				if (desc->size) {
 					ret_val = true;
 				} else
 					printf ("%s: NULL part size\n", fn);
 			} else
 				printf ("%s: Invalid Interface type, %d\n",
 						fn, desc->iface);
 		} else
 			printf ("%s: Invalid family type, %d\n", fn, desc->family);
 	} else
 		printf ("%s: NULL descriptor!\n", fn);

 	return ret_val;
 }
	/*
	* (C) Copyright 2012-2013, Xilinx, Michal Simek
	*
	* (C) Copyright 2002
	* Rich Ireland, Enterasys Networks, rireland@enterasys.com.
	* Keith Outwater, keith_outwater@mvis.com
	*
	* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
	*/

	/*
	* Xilinx FPGA support
	*/

	#include <common.h>
	#include <fpga.h>
	#include <virtex2.h>
	#include <spartan2.h>
	#include <spartan3.h>
	#include <zynqpl.h>

	#if 0
	#define FPGA_DEBUG
	#endif

	/* Define FPGA_DEBUG to get debug printf's */
	#ifdef FPGA_DEBUG
	#define PRINTF(fmt,args...) printf (fmt ,##args)
	#else
	#define PRINTF(fmt,args...)
	#endif

	/* Local Static Functions */
	static int xilinx_validate (Xilinx_desc * desc, char *fn);

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

	int fpga_loadbitstream(int devnum, char *fpgadata, size_t size)
	{
	unsigned int length;
	unsigned int swapsize;
	char buffer[80];
	unsigned char *dataptr;
	unsigned int i;
	const fpga_desc *desc;
	Xilinx_desc *xdesc;

	dataptr = (unsigned char *)fpgadata;
	/* Find out fpga_description */
	desc = fpga_validate(devnum, dataptr, 0, (char *)__func__);
	/* Assign xilinx device description */
	xdesc = desc->devdesc;

	/* skip the first bytes of the bitsteam, their meaning is unknown */
	length = (dataptr << 8) + (dataptr + 1);
	dataptr += 2;
	dataptr += length;

	/* get design name (identifier, length, string) */
	length = (dataptr << 8) + (dataptr + 1);
	dataptr += 2;
	if (*dataptr++ != 0x61) {
	debug("%s: Design name id not recognized in bitstream\n",
	__func__);
	return FPGA_FAIL;
	}

	length = (dataptr << 8) + (dataptr + 1);
	dataptr += 2;
	for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
	buffer[i] = *dataptr++;

	printf(" design filename = \"%s\"\n", buffer);

	/* get part number (identifier, length, string) */
	if (*dataptr++ != 0x62) {
	printf("%s: Part number id not recognized in bitstream\n",
	__func__);
	return FPGA_FAIL;
	}

	length = (dataptr << 8) + (dataptr + 1);
	dataptr += 2;
	for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
	buffer[i] = *dataptr++;

	if (xdesc->name) {
	i = strncmp(buffer, xdesc->name, strlen(xdesc->name));
	if (i) {
	printf("%s: Wrong bitstream ID for this device\n",
	__func__);
	printf("%s: Bitstream ID %s, current device ID %d/%s\n",
	__func__, buffer, devnum, xdesc->name);
	return FPGA_FAIL;
	}
	} else {
	printf("%s: Please fill correct device ID to Xilinx_desc\n",
	__func__);
	}
	printf(" part number = \"%s\"\n", buffer);

	/* get date (identifier, length, string) */
	if (*dataptr++ != 0x63) {
	printf("%s: Date identifier not recognized in bitstream\n",
	__func__);
	return FPGA_FAIL;
	}

	length = (dataptr << 8) + (dataptr+1);
	dataptr += 2;
	for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
	buffer[i] = *dataptr++;
	printf(" date = \"%s\"\n", buffer);

	/* get time (identifier, length, string) */
	if (*dataptr++ != 0x64) {
	printf("%s: Time identifier not recognized in bitstream\n",
	__func__);
	return FPGA_FAIL;
	}

	length = (dataptr << 8) + (dataptr+1);
	dataptr += 2;
	for (i = 0; i < length; i++)
	buffer[i] = *dataptr++;
	printf(" time = \"%s\"\n", buffer);

	/* get fpga data length (identifier, length) */
	if (*dataptr++ != 0x65) {
	printf("%s: Data length id not recognized in bitstream\n",
	__func__);
	return FPGA_FAIL;
	}
	swapsize = ((unsigned int) *dataptr << 24) +
	((unsigned int) *(dataptr + 1) << 16) +
	((unsigned int) *(dataptr + 2) << 8) +
	((unsigned int) *(dataptr + 3));
	dataptr += 4;
	printf(" bytes in bitstream = %d\n", swapsize);

	return fpga_load(devnum, dataptr, swapsize);
	}

	int xilinx_load(Xilinx_desc desc, const void buf, size_t bsize)
	{
	int ret_val = FPGA_FAIL; /* assume a failure */

	if (!xilinx_validate (desc, (char *)__FUNCTION__)) {
	printf ("%s: Invalid device descriptor\n", __FUNCTION__);
	} else
	switch (desc->family) {
	case xilinx_spartan2:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN2)
	PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Spartan-II Loader...\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	ret_val = spartan2_load(desc, buf, bsize);
	#else
	printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-II devices.\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	#endif
	break;
	case Xilinx_Spartan3:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN3)
	PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Spartan-III Loader...\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	ret_val = Spartan3_load (desc, buf, bsize);
	#else
	printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-III devices.\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	#endif
	break;
	case Xilinx_Virtex2:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_VIRTEX2)
	PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Virtex-II Loader...\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	ret_val = Virtex2_load (desc, buf, bsize);
	#else
	printf ("%s: No support for Virtex-II devices.\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	#endif
	break;
	case xilinx_zynq:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_ZYNQPL)
	PRINTF("%s: Launching the Zynq PL Loader...\n",
	__func__);
	ret_val = zynq_load(desc, buf, bsize);
	#else
	printf("%s: No support for Zynq devices.\n",
	__func__);
	#endif
	break;

	default:
	printf ("%s: Unsupported family type, %d\n",
	__FUNCTION__, desc->family);
	}

	return ret_val;
	}

	int xilinx_dump(Xilinx_desc desc, const void buf, size_t bsize)
	{
	int ret_val = FPGA_FAIL; /* assume a failure */

	if (!xilinx_validate (desc, (char *)__FUNCTION__)) {
	printf ("%s: Invalid device descriptor\n", __FUNCTION__);
	} else
	switch (desc->family) {
	case xilinx_spartan2:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN2)
	PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Spartan-II Reader...\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	ret_val = spartan2_dump(desc, buf, bsize);
	#else
	printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-II devices.\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	#endif
	break;
	case Xilinx_Spartan3:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN3)
	PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Spartan-III Reader...\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	ret_val = Spartan3_dump (desc, buf, bsize);
	#else
	printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-III devices.\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	#endif
	break;
	case Xilinx_Virtex2:
	#if defined( CONFIG_FPGA_VIRTEX2)
	PRINTF ("%s: Launching the Virtex-II Reader...\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	ret_val = Virtex2_dump (desc, buf, bsize);
	#else
	printf ("%s: No support for Virtex-II devices.\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	#endif
	break;
	case xilinx_zynq:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_ZYNQPL)
	PRINTF("%s: Launching the Zynq PL Reader...\n",
	__func__);
	ret_val = zynq_dump(desc, buf, bsize);
	#else
	printf("%s: No support for Zynq devices.\n",
	__func__);
	#endif
	break;

	default:
	printf ("%s: Unsupported family type, %d\n",
	__FUNCTION__, desc->family);
	}

	return ret_val;
	}

	int xilinx_info (Xilinx_desc * desc)
	{
	int ret_val = FPGA_FAIL;

	if (xilinx_validate (desc, (char *)__FUNCTION__)) {
	printf ("Family: \t");
	switch (desc->family) {
	case xilinx_spartan2:
	printf ("Spartan-II\n");
	break;
	case Xilinx_Spartan3:
	printf ("Spartan-III\n");
	break;
	case Xilinx_Virtex2:
	printf ("Virtex-II\n");
	break;
	case xilinx_zynq:
	printf("Zynq PL\n");
	break;
	/* Add new family types here */
	default:
	printf ("Unknown family type, %d\n", desc->family);
	}

	printf ("Interface type:\t");
	switch (desc->iface) {
	case slave_serial:
	printf ("Slave Serial\n");
	break;
	case master_serial: /* Not used */
	printf ("Master Serial\n");
	break;
	case slave_parallel:
	printf ("Slave Parallel\n");
	break;
	case jtag_mode: /* Not used */
	printf ("JTAG Mode\n");
	break;
	case slave_selectmap:
	printf ("Slave SelectMap Mode\n");
	break;
	case master_selectmap:
	printf ("Master SelectMap Mode\n");
	break;
	case devcfg:
	printf("Device configuration interface (Zynq)\n");
	break;
	/* Add new interface types here */
	default:
	printf ("Unsupported interface type, %d\n", desc->iface);
	}

	printf ("Device Size: \t%d bytes\n"
	"Cookie: \t0x%x (%d)\n",
	desc->size, desc->cookie, desc->cookie);
	if (desc->name)
	printf("Device name: \t%s\n", desc->name);

	if (desc->iface_fns) {
	printf ("Device Function Table @ 0x%p\n", desc->iface_fns);
	switch (desc->family) {
	case xilinx_spartan2:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN2)
	spartan2_info(desc);
	#else
	/* just in case */
	printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-II devices.\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	#endif
	break;
	case Xilinx_Spartan3:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_SPARTAN3)
	Spartan3_info (desc);
	#else
	/* just in case */
	printf ("%s: No support for Spartan-III devices.\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	#endif
	break;
	case Xilinx_Virtex2:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_VIRTEX2)
	Virtex2_info (desc);
	#else
	/* just in case */
	printf ("%s: No support for Virtex-II devices.\n",
	__FUNCTION__);
	#endif
	break;
	case xilinx_zynq:
	#if defined(CONFIG_FPGA_ZYNQPL)
	zynq_info(desc);
	#else
	/* just in case */
	printf("%s: No support for Zynq devices.\n",
	__func__);
	#endif
	/* Add new family types here */
	default:
	/* we don't need a message here - we give one up above */
	;
	}
	} else
	printf ("No Device Function Table.\n");

	ret_val = FPGA_SUCCESS;
	} else {
	printf ("%s: Invalid device descriptor\n", __FUNCTION__);
	}

	return ret_val;
	}

	/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

	static int xilinx_validate (Xilinx_desc * desc, char *fn)
	{
	int ret_val = false;

	if (desc) {
	if ((desc->family > min_xilinx_type) &&
	(desc->family < max_xilinx_type)) {
	if ((desc->iface > min_xilinx_iface_type) &&
	(desc->iface < max_xilinx_iface_type)) {
	if (desc->size) {
	ret_val = true;
	} else
	printf ("%s: NULL part size\n", fn);
	} else
	printf ("%s: Invalid Interface type, %d\n",
	fn, desc->iface);
	} else
	printf ("%s: Invalid family type, %d\n", fn, desc->family);
	} else
	printf ("%s: NULL descriptor!\n", fn);

	return ret_val;
	}