blob: 17f1927465710a382190d0e61aa73d2d83dfdf38 [file] [log] [blame]
/*
* EFI application boot time services
*
* Copyright (c) 2016 Alexander Graf
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
*/
#include <common.h>
#include <efi_loader.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <asm/global_data.h>
#include <libfdt_env.h>
#include <u-boot/crc.h>
#include <bootm.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <watchdog.h>
DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR;
/* This list contains all the EFI objects our payload has access to */
LIST_HEAD(efi_obj_list);
/*
* If we're running on nasty systems (32bit ARM booting into non-EFI Linux)
* we need to do trickery with caches. Since we don't want to break the EFI
* aware boot path, only apply hacks when loading exiting directly (breaking
* direct Linux EFI booting along the way - oh well).
*/
static bool efi_is_direct_boot = true;
/*
* EFI can pass arbitrary additional "tables" containing vendor specific
* information to the payload. One such table is the FDT table which contains
* a pointer to a flattened device tree blob.
*
* In most cases we want to pass an FDT to the payload, so reserve one slot of
* config table space for it. The pointer gets populated by do_bootefi_exec().
*/
static struct efi_configuration_table EFI_RUNTIME_DATA efi_conf_table[2];
/*
* The "gd" pointer lives in a register on ARM and AArch64 that we declare
* fixed when compiling U-Boot. However, the payload does not know about that
* restriction so we need to manually swap its and our view of that register on
* EFI callback entry/exit.
*/
static volatile void *efi_gd, *app_gd;
/* Called from do_bootefi_exec() */
void efi_save_gd(void)
{
efi_gd = gd;
}
/* Called on every callback entry */
void efi_restore_gd(void)
{
/* Only restore if we're already in EFI context */
if (!efi_gd)
return;
if (gd != efi_gd)
app_gd = gd;
gd = efi_gd;
}
/* Called on every callback exit */
efi_status_t efi_exit_func(efi_status_t ret)
{
gd = app_gd;
return ret;
}
static efi_status_t efi_unsupported(const char *funcname)
{
debug("EFI: App called into unimplemented function %s\n", funcname);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_UNSUPPORTED);
}
static int guidcmp(const efi_guid_t *g1, const efi_guid_t *g2)
{
return memcmp(g1, g2, sizeof(efi_guid_t));
}
static unsigned long EFIAPI efi_raise_tpl(unsigned long new_tpl)
{
EFI_ENTRY("0x%lx", new_tpl);
return EFI_EXIT(0);
}
static void EFIAPI efi_restore_tpl(unsigned long old_tpl)
{
EFI_ENTRY("0x%lx", old_tpl);
EFI_EXIT(efi_unsupported(__func__));
}
efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_allocate_pages_ext(int type, int memory_type,
unsigned long pages,
uint64_t *memory)
{
efi_status_t r;
EFI_ENTRY("%d, %d, 0x%lx, %p", type, memory_type, pages, memory);
r = efi_allocate_pages(type, memory_type, pages, memory);
return EFI_EXIT(r);
}
efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_free_pages_ext(uint64_t memory, unsigned long pages)
{
efi_status_t r;
EFI_ENTRY("%"PRIx64", 0x%lx", memory, pages);
r = efi_free_pages(memory, pages);
return EFI_EXIT(r);
}
efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_get_memory_map_ext(unsigned long *memory_map_size,
struct efi_mem_desc *memory_map,
unsigned long *map_key,
unsigned long *descriptor_size,
uint32_t *descriptor_version)
{
efi_status_t r;
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p, %p, %p", memory_map_size, memory_map,
map_key, descriptor_size, descriptor_version);
r = efi_get_memory_map(memory_map_size, memory_map, map_key,
descriptor_size, descriptor_version);
return EFI_EXIT(r);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_allocate_pool_ext(int pool_type,
unsigned long size,
void **buffer)
{
efi_status_t r;
EFI_ENTRY("%d, %ld, %p", pool_type, size, buffer);
r = efi_allocate_pool(pool_type, size, buffer);
return EFI_EXIT(r);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_free_pool_ext(void *buffer)
{
efi_status_t r;
EFI_ENTRY("%p", buffer);
r = efi_free_pool(buffer);
return EFI_EXIT(r);
}
/*
* Our event capabilities are very limited. Only support a single
* event to exist, so we don't need to maintain lists.
*/
static struct {
enum efi_event_type type;
u32 trigger_type;
u32 trigger_time;
u64 trigger_next;
unsigned long notify_tpl;
void (*notify_function) (void *event, void *context);
void *notify_context;
} efi_event = {
/* Disable timers on bootup */
.trigger_next = -1ULL,
};
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_create_event(
enum efi_event_type type, ulong notify_tpl,
void (*notify_function) (void *event, void *context),
void *notify_context, void **event)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%d, 0x%lx, %p, %p", type, notify_tpl, notify_function,
notify_context);
if (efi_event.notify_function) {
/* We only support one event at a time */
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES);
}
efi_event.type = type;
efi_event.notify_tpl = notify_tpl;
efi_event.notify_function = notify_function;
efi_event.notify_context = notify_context;
*event = &efi_event;
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
/*
* Our timers have to work without interrupts, so we check whenever keyboard
* input or disk accesses happen if enough time elapsed for it to fire.
*/
void efi_timer_check(void)
{
u64 now = timer_get_us();
if (now >= efi_event.trigger_next) {
/* Triggering! */
if (efi_event.trigger_type == EFI_TIMER_PERIODIC)
efi_event.trigger_next += efi_event.trigger_time / 10;
efi_event.notify_function(&efi_event, efi_event.notify_context);
}
WATCHDOG_RESET();
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_set_timer(void *event, int type,
uint64_t trigger_time)
{
/* We don't have 64bit division available everywhere, so limit timer
* distances to 32bit bits. */
u32 trigger32 = trigger_time;
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %d, %"PRIx64, event, type, trigger_time);
if (trigger32 < trigger_time) {
printf("WARNING: Truncating timer from %"PRIx64" to %x\n",
trigger_time, trigger32);
}
if (event != &efi_event) {
/* We only support one event at a time */
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER);
}
switch (type) {
case EFI_TIMER_STOP:
efi_event.trigger_next = -1ULL;
break;
case EFI_TIMER_PERIODIC:
case EFI_TIMER_RELATIVE:
efi_event.trigger_next = timer_get_us() + (trigger32 / 10);
break;
default:
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER);
}
efi_event.trigger_type = type;
efi_event.trigger_time = trigger_time;
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_wait_for_event(unsigned long num_events,
void *event, unsigned long *index)
{
u64 now;
EFI_ENTRY("%ld, %p, %p", num_events, event, index);
now = timer_get_us();
while (now < efi_event.trigger_next) { }
efi_timer_check();
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_signal_event(void *event)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p", event);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_close_event(void *event)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p", event);
efi_event.trigger_next = -1ULL;
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_check_event(void *event)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p", event);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_NOT_READY);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_install_protocol_interface(void **handle,
efi_guid_t *protocol, int protocol_interface_type,
void *protocol_interface)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %d, %p", handle, protocol, protocol_interface_type,
protocol_interface);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_reinstall_protocol_interface(void *handle,
efi_guid_t *protocol, void *old_interface,
void *new_interface)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p, %p", handle, protocol, old_interface,
new_interface);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_ACCESS_DENIED);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_uninstall_protocol_interface(void *handle,
efi_guid_t *protocol, void *protocol_interface)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p", handle, protocol, protocol_interface);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_NOT_FOUND);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_register_protocol_notify(efi_guid_t *protocol,
void *event,
void **registration)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p", protocol, event, registration);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES);
}
static int efi_search(enum efi_locate_search_type search_type,
efi_guid_t *protocol, void *search_key,
struct efi_object *efiobj)
{
int i;
switch (search_type) {
case all_handles:
return 0;
case by_register_notify:
return -1;
case by_protocol:
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(efiobj->protocols); i++) {
const efi_guid_t *guid = efiobj->protocols[i].guid;
if (guid && !guidcmp(guid, protocol))
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
return -1;
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_locate_handle(
enum efi_locate_search_type search_type,
efi_guid_t *protocol, void *search_key,
unsigned long *buffer_size, efi_handle_t *buffer)
{
struct list_head *lhandle;
unsigned long size = 0;
EFI_ENTRY("%d, %p, %p, %p, %p", search_type, protocol, search_key,
buffer_size, buffer);
/* Count how much space we need */
list_for_each(lhandle, &efi_obj_list) {
struct efi_object *efiobj;
efiobj = list_entry(lhandle, struct efi_object, link);
if (!efi_search(search_type, protocol, search_key, efiobj)) {
size += sizeof(void*);
}
}
if (*buffer_size < size) {
*buffer_size = size;
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL);
}
/* Then fill the array */
list_for_each(lhandle, &efi_obj_list) {
struct efi_object *efiobj;
efiobj = list_entry(lhandle, struct efi_object, link);
if (!efi_search(search_type, protocol, search_key, efiobj)) {
*(buffer++) = efiobj->handle;
}
}
*buffer_size = size;
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_locate_device_path(efi_guid_t *protocol,
struct efi_device_path **device_path,
efi_handle_t *device)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p", protocol, device_path, device);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_NOT_FOUND);
}
efi_status_t efi_install_configuration_table(const efi_guid_t *guid, void *table)
{
int i;
/* Check for guid override */
for (i = 0; i < systab.nr_tables; i++) {
if (!guidcmp(guid, &efi_conf_table[i].guid)) {
efi_conf_table[i].table = table;
return EFI_SUCCESS;
}
}
/* No override, check for overflow */
if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(efi_conf_table))
return EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES;
/* Add a new entry */
memcpy(&efi_conf_table[i].guid, guid, sizeof(*guid));
efi_conf_table[i].table = table;
systab.nr_tables = i + 1;
return EFI_SUCCESS;
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_install_configuration_table_ext(efi_guid_t *guid,
void *table)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p", guid, table);
return EFI_EXIT(efi_install_configuration_table(guid, table));
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_load_image(bool boot_policy,
efi_handle_t parent_image,
struct efi_device_path *file_path,
void *source_buffer,
unsigned long source_size,
efi_handle_t *image_handle)
{
static struct efi_object loaded_image_info_obj = {
.protocols = {
{
.guid = &efi_guid_loaded_image,
.open = &efi_return_handle,
},
},
};
struct efi_loaded_image *info;
struct efi_object *obj;
EFI_ENTRY("%d, %p, %p, %p, %ld, %p", boot_policy, parent_image,
file_path, source_buffer, source_size, image_handle);
info = malloc(sizeof(*info));
obj = malloc(sizeof(loaded_image_info_obj));
memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
memcpy(obj, &loaded_image_info_obj, sizeof(loaded_image_info_obj));
obj->handle = info;
info->file_path = file_path;
info->reserved = efi_load_pe(source_buffer, info);
if (!info->reserved) {
free(info);
free(obj);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_UNSUPPORTED);
}
*image_handle = info;
list_add_tail(&obj->link, &efi_obj_list);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_start_image(efi_handle_t image_handle,
unsigned long *exit_data_size,
s16 **exit_data)
{
ulong (*entry)(void *image_handle, struct efi_system_table *st);
struct efi_loaded_image *info = image_handle;
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p", image_handle, exit_data_size, exit_data);
entry = info->reserved;
efi_is_direct_boot = false;
/* call the image! */
if (setjmp(&info->exit_jmp)) {
/* We returned from the child image */
return EFI_EXIT(info->exit_status);
}
entry(image_handle, &systab);
/* Should usually never get here */
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_exit(efi_handle_t image_handle,
efi_status_t exit_status, unsigned long exit_data_size,
int16_t *exit_data)
{
struct efi_loaded_image *loaded_image_info = (void*)image_handle;
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %ld, %ld, %p", image_handle, exit_status,
exit_data_size, exit_data);
loaded_image_info->exit_status = exit_status;
longjmp(&loaded_image_info->exit_jmp, 1);
panic("EFI application exited");
}
static struct efi_object *efi_search_obj(void *handle)
{
struct list_head *lhandle;
list_for_each(lhandle, &efi_obj_list) {
struct efi_object *efiobj;
efiobj = list_entry(lhandle, struct efi_object, link);
if (efiobj->handle == handle)
return efiobj;
}
return NULL;
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_unload_image(void *image_handle)
{
struct efi_object *efiobj;
EFI_ENTRY("%p", image_handle);
efiobj = efi_search_obj(image_handle);
if (efiobj)
list_del(&efiobj->link);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static void efi_exit_caches(void)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_ARM) && !defined(CONFIG_ARM64)
/*
* Grub on 32bit ARM needs to have caches disabled before jumping into
* a zImage, but does not know of all cache layers. Give it a hand.
*/
if (efi_is_direct_boot)
cleanup_before_linux();
#endif
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_exit_boot_services(void *image_handle,
unsigned long map_key)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %ld", image_handle, map_key);
/* Fix up caches for EFI payloads if necessary */
efi_exit_caches();
/* This stops all lingering devices */
bootm_disable_interrupts();
/* Give the payload some time to boot */
WATCHDOG_RESET();
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_get_next_monotonic_count(uint64_t *count)
{
static uint64_t mono = 0;
EFI_ENTRY("%p", count);
*count = mono++;
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_stall(unsigned long microseconds)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%ld", microseconds);
udelay(microseconds);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_set_watchdog_timer(unsigned long timeout,
uint64_t watchdog_code,
unsigned long data_size,
uint16_t *watchdog_data)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%ld, 0x%"PRIx64", %ld, %p", timeout, watchdog_code,
data_size, watchdog_data);
return EFI_EXIT(efi_unsupported(__func__));
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_connect_controller(
efi_handle_t controller_handle,
efi_handle_t *driver_image_handle,
struct efi_device_path *remain_device_path,
bool recursive)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p, %d", controller_handle, driver_image_handle,
remain_device_path, recursive);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_NOT_FOUND);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_disconnect_controller(void *controller_handle,
void *driver_image_handle,
void *child_handle)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p", controller_handle, driver_image_handle,
child_handle);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_close_protocol(void *handle,
efi_guid_t *protocol,
void *agent_handle,
void *controller_handle)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p, %p", handle, protocol, agent_handle,
controller_handle);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_NOT_FOUND);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_open_protocol_information(efi_handle_t handle,
efi_guid_t *protocol,
struct efi_open_protocol_info_entry **entry_buffer,
unsigned long *entry_count)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p, %p", handle, protocol, entry_buffer,
entry_count);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_NOT_FOUND);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_protocols_per_handle(void *handle,
efi_guid_t ***protocol_buffer,
unsigned long *protocol_buffer_count)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p", handle, protocol_buffer,
protocol_buffer_count);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_locate_handle_buffer(
enum efi_locate_search_type search_type,
efi_guid_t *protocol, void *search_key,
unsigned long *no_handles, efi_handle_t **buffer)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%d, %p, %p, %p, %p", search_type, protocol, search_key,
no_handles, buffer);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_NOT_FOUND);
}
static struct efi_class_map efi_class_maps[] = {
{
.guid = &efi_guid_console_control,
.interface = &efi_console_control
},
};
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_locate_protocol(efi_guid_t *protocol,
void *registration,
void **protocol_interface)
{
int i;
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p", protocol, registration, protocol_interface);
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(efi_class_maps); i++) {
struct efi_class_map *curmap = &efi_class_maps[i];
if (!guidcmp(protocol, curmap->guid)) {
*protocol_interface = (void*)curmap->interface;
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
}
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_NOT_FOUND);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_install_multiple_protocol_interfaces(
void **handle, ...)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p", handle);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_uninstall_multiple_protocol_interfaces(
void *handle, ...)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p", handle);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_calculate_crc32(void *data,
unsigned long data_size,
uint32_t *crc32_p)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %ld", data, data_size);
*crc32_p = crc32(0, data, data_size);
return EFI_EXIT(EFI_SUCCESS);
}
static void EFIAPI efi_copy_mem(void *destination, void *source,
unsigned long length)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %ld", destination, source, length);
memcpy(destination, source, length);
}
static void EFIAPI efi_set_mem(void *buffer, unsigned long size, uint8_t value)
{
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %ld, 0x%x", buffer, size, value);
memset(buffer, value, size);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_open_protocol(
void *handle, efi_guid_t *protocol,
void **protocol_interface, void *agent_handle,
void *controller_handle, uint32_t attributes)
{
struct list_head *lhandle;
int i;
efi_status_t r = EFI_UNSUPPORTED;
EFI_ENTRY("%p, %p, %p, %p, %p, 0x%x", handle, protocol,
protocol_interface, agent_handle, controller_handle,
attributes);
list_for_each(lhandle, &efi_obj_list) {
struct efi_object *efiobj;
efiobj = list_entry(lhandle, struct efi_object, link);
if (efiobj->handle != handle)
continue;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(efiobj->protocols); i++) {
struct efi_handler *handler = &efiobj->protocols[i];
const efi_guid_t *hprotocol = handler->guid;
if (!hprotocol)
break;
if (!guidcmp(hprotocol, protocol)) {
r = handler->open(handle, protocol,
protocol_interface, agent_handle,
controller_handle, attributes);
goto out;
}
}
}
out:
return EFI_EXIT(r);
}
static efi_status_t EFIAPI efi_handle_protocol(void *handle,
efi_guid_t *protocol,
void **protocol_interface)
{
return efi_open_protocol(handle, protocol, protocol_interface,
NULL, NULL, 0);
}
static const struct efi_boot_services efi_boot_services = {
.hdr = {
.headersize = sizeof(struct efi_table_hdr),
},
.raise_tpl = efi_raise_tpl,
.restore_tpl = efi_restore_tpl,
.allocate_pages = efi_allocate_pages_ext,
.free_pages = efi_free_pages_ext,
.get_memory_map = efi_get_memory_map_ext,
.allocate_pool = efi_allocate_pool_ext,
.free_pool = efi_free_pool_ext,
.create_event = efi_create_event,
.set_timer = efi_set_timer,
.wait_for_event = efi_wait_for_event,
.signal_event = efi_signal_event,
.close_event = efi_close_event,
.check_event = efi_check_event,
.install_protocol_interface = efi_install_protocol_interface,
.reinstall_protocol_interface = efi_reinstall_protocol_interface,
.uninstall_protocol_interface = efi_uninstall_protocol_interface,
.handle_protocol = efi_handle_protocol,
.reserved = NULL,
.register_protocol_notify = efi_register_protocol_notify,
.locate_handle = efi_locate_handle,
.locate_device_path = efi_locate_device_path,
.install_configuration_table = efi_install_configuration_table_ext,
.load_image = efi_load_image,
.start_image = efi_start_image,
.exit = efi_exit,
.unload_image = efi_unload_image,
.exit_boot_services = efi_exit_boot_services,
.get_next_monotonic_count = efi_get_next_monotonic_count,
.stall = efi_stall,
.set_watchdog_timer = efi_set_watchdog_timer,
.connect_controller = efi_connect_controller,
.disconnect_controller = efi_disconnect_controller,
.open_protocol = efi_open_protocol,
.close_protocol = efi_close_protocol,
.open_protocol_information = efi_open_protocol_information,
.protocols_per_handle = efi_protocols_per_handle,
.locate_handle_buffer = efi_locate_handle_buffer,
.locate_protocol = efi_locate_protocol,
.install_multiple_protocol_interfaces = efi_install_multiple_protocol_interfaces,
.uninstall_multiple_protocol_interfaces = efi_uninstall_multiple_protocol_interfaces,
.calculate_crc32 = efi_calculate_crc32,
.copy_mem = efi_copy_mem,
.set_mem = efi_set_mem,
};
static uint16_t EFI_RUNTIME_DATA firmware_vendor[] =
{ 'D','a','s',' ','U','-','b','o','o','t',0 };
struct efi_system_table EFI_RUNTIME_DATA systab = {
.hdr = {
.signature = EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE_SIGNATURE,
.revision = 0x20005, /* 2.5 */
.headersize = sizeof(struct efi_table_hdr),
},
.fw_vendor = (long)firmware_vendor,
.con_in = (void*)&efi_con_in,
.con_out = (void*)&efi_con_out,
.std_err = (void*)&efi_con_out,
.runtime = (void*)&efi_runtime_services,
.boottime = (void*)&efi_boot_services,
.nr_tables = 0,
.tables = (void*)efi_conf_table,
};