.TH KWBOOT 1 "2021-08-25"

.SH NAME
kwboot \- Boot Marvell Kirkwood (and others 32-bit) SoCs over a serial link.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B kwboot
.RB [ "-b \fIimage\fP" ]
.RB [ "-t" ]
.RB [ "-B \fIbaudrate\fP" ]
.RB \fITTY\fP
.SH "DESCRIPTION"

The \fBkwboot\fP program boots boards based on Marvell's 32-bit
platforms including Kirkwood, Dove, A370, AXP, A375, A38x
and A39x over their integrated UART. Boot image files will typically
contain a second stage boot loader, such as U-Boot. The image file
must conform to Marvell's BootROM firmware image format
(\fIkwbimage v0\fP or \fIv1\fP), created using a tool such as
\fBmkimage\fP.

Following power-up or a system reset, system BootROM code polls the
UART for a brief period of time, sensing a handshake message which
initiates an image upload. This program sends this boot message until
it receives a positive acknowledgement. The image is transferred using
Xmodem.

Additionally, this program implements a minimal terminal mode, which
can be used either standalone, or entered immediately following boot
image transfer completion. This is often useful to catch early boot
messages, or to manually interrupt a default boot procedure performed
by the second-stage loader.

.SH "OPTIONS"

.TP
.BI "\-b \fIimage\fP"
Handshake; then upload file \fIimage\fP over \fITTY\fP.

Note that for the encapsulated boot code to be executed, \fIimage\fP
must be of type "UART boot" (0x69). The \fBkwboot\fP program changes
this type automatically, unless the \fIimage\fP is signed, in which
case it cannot be changed.

This mode writes handshake status and upload progress indication to
stdout. It is possible that \fIimage\fP contains an optional binary
code in it's header which may also print some output via UART (for
example U-Boot SPL does this). In such a case, this output is also
written to stdout after the header is sent.

.TP
.BI "\-p"
Obsolete. Does nothing.

In the past, when this option was used, the program patched the header
in the image prior upload, to "UART boot" type. This is now done by
default.

.TP
.BI "\-t"
Run a terminal program, connecting standard input and output to
.RB \fITTY\fP.

If used in combination with \fB-b\fP, terminal mode is entered
immediately following a successful image upload.

If standard I/O streams connect to a console, this mode will terminate
after receiving \fBctrl-\e\fP followed by \fBc\fP from console input.

.TP
.BI "\-B \fIbaudrate\fP"
If used in combination with \fB-b\fP, inject into the image header
code that changes baud rate to \fIbaudrate\fP after uploading image
header, and code that changes the baud rate back to the default
(115200 Bd) before executing payload, and also adjust the baud rate
on \fITTY\fP correspondingly. This can make the upload significantly
faster.

If used in combination with \fB-t\fP, adjust the baud rate to
\fIbaudrate\fP on \fITTY\fP before starting terminal.

If both \fB-b\fP and \fB-t\fP are used, the baud rate is changed
back to 115200 after the upload.

Tested values for \fIbaudrate\fP for Armada 38x include: 115200,
230400, 460800, 500000, 576000, 921600, 1000000, 1152000, 1500000,
2000000, 2500000, 3125000, 4000000 and 5200000.

.SH "SEE ALSO"
.PP
\fBmkimage\fP(1)

.SH "AUTHORS"

Daniel Stodden <daniel.stodden@gmail.com>
.br
Luka Perkov <luka@openwrt.org>
.br
David Purdy <david.c.purdy@gmail.com>
.br
Pali Rohár <pali@kernel.org>
.br
Marek Behún <marek.behun@nic.cz>